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pour "Anaïs TRAN NGOC" :
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- titre
- Perceiving whistled speech : a study of musicians' capacity for language processing
- auteur
- Anaïs Tran Ngoc
- article
- Linguistics. Université Côte d'Azur, 2023. English. ⟨NNT : 2023COAZ2052⟩
- annee_publi
- 2023
- resume
- Speech perception is a process that must adapt to a large amount of variability. These variations, including differences in production that depend on the speaker, modify the speech signal. By then using this modified speech signal in experimental studies, we can target certain aspects of speech and their role in the perceptive process. In this thesis, I considered a form of naturally modified speech known as “whistled speech” to further explore the role of acoustic phonological cues in the speech perception process. Variation, however, is not unique to speech production: it is also present among those perceiving speech and varies according to individual experience. Here, I analyzed the effect of classical music expertise on whistled speech perception. Whistled speech augments the modal spoken speech signal into higher frequencies corresponding to a register best perceived by human hearing. In our corpus, vowels are reduced to high whistled frequencies, in a pitch range specific to each vowel, and consonants modify these frequencies according to their articulation. First, we considered how naive listeners (who have never heard whistled speech before) perceive whistled speech. We targeted four vowels and four consonants: /i,e,a,o/ and /k,p,s,t/, which we considered in isolation or a VCV form, and in whistled words (chosen to incorporate the target phonemes). We then considered the effect of musical experience on these categorization tasks, also taking an interest in the transfer of knowledge and the effect of instrument expertise. In these studies, we observed that naive listeners categorize whistled phonemes and whistled words well over chance, with a preference for acoustic cues that characterize consonants and vowels with contrasting pitches. This preference is nonetheless affected by the context in which the phoneme is heard (especially in the word). We also observed an effect of musical expertise on categorization, which improved with more experience and was strongest for high-level classical musicians. We attributed these differences to better use of acoustic cues, allowing for a transfer of skills between musical knowledge and whistled speech perception, though performances due to musical experience are much lower than participants with a knowledge of whistled speech. These acoustic skills were also found to be specific to the instrument played, where flute players outperformed the other instrumentalists, particularly on consonant tasks. Thus, we suggest that the effect of training, such as music, improves one's performance on whistled speech perception according to the similarities between the sound signals, both in terms of acoustics and articulation.
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- titre
- Whistled Phoneme Categorization: the Effect of Vowel Space Range
- auteur
- Anaïs Tran Ngoc, Julien Meyer, Fanny Meunier
- article
- 2023
- annee_publi
- 2023
- resume
- We explore whistled vowel categorization by untrained listeners, focusing specifically on the impact of the different vocalic frequency ranges of two whistlers (for the vowels /i/, /e/, /a/, /o/) and the effect of training on performance. In the experiment, we included stimuli that show inter-individual and intra-individual variations of production. In the analyses we looked at the whistler identity effect and at the learning effect through the experiment for the studied vowels. The results showed an effect of the whistler, where the larger vocalic range led to improved categorization, and highlighted the robustness of the vowel recognition hierarchy. There was no general learning effect, albeit for one vowel and for the whistler with a narrower vocalic range. This study provides insight into one's representation of the vowel space in non-tonal languages.
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- titre
- The Effect of Whistled Vowels on Whistled Word Categorization for Naive Listeners
- auteur
- Anais Tran Ngoc, Fanny Meunier, Julien Meyer
- article
- Interspeech 2023 - 24th Annual Conference of the International Speech Communication Association, ISCA, Aug 2023, Dublin, Ireland. pp.3063-3067, ⟨10.21437/interspeech.2023-1967⟩
- annee_publi
- 2023
- resume
- In this paper, we explore whistled word perception by naive French speakers. In whistled words of non-tonal languages, vowels are transposed to relatively stable pitches, which contrast with consonant movements or interruptions. Previous studies on whistled speech with naive listeners have tested vowels and consonants separately. Other studies on spoken word recognition have found that vowels and consonants contribute differently to intelligibility, where the role of vowels was highly mediated by the context. Here, naive participants recognize disyllabic whistled words above chance, and vowels are shown to contribute differently than consonants. When focusing on the role of vowels, we found different scales of performance between the vowels tested, mediated by their position in the word. We also highlighted the importance of the vowels' relative frequency difference (called 'interval') in the word.
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- titre
- Testing perceptual flexibility in speech through the categorization of whistled Spanish consonants by French speakers
- auteur
- Anaïs Tran Ngoc, Fanny Meunier, Julien Meyer
- article
- JASA Express Letters, 2022, 2 (9), pp.095201. ⟨10.1121/10.0013900⟩
- annee_publi
- 2022
- resume
- Whistled speech is a form of modified speech where, in non-tonal languages, vowels and consonants are augmented and transposed to whistled frequencies, simplifying their timbre. According to previous studies, these transformations maintain some level of vowel recognition for naive listeners. Here, in a behavioral experiment, naive listeners' capacities for the categorization of four whistled consonants (/p/, /k/, /t/, and /s/) were analyzed. Results show patterns of correct responses and confusions that provide new insights into whistled speech perception, highlighting the importance of frequency modulation cues, transposed from phoneme formants, as well as the perceptual flexibility in processing these cues.
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- titre
- Benefits of musical experience on speech categorization: an analysis of the cognitive transfer processes
- auteur
- Anais Tran Ngoc, Julien Meyer, Fanny Meunier
- article
- JEP 2022 - 34e Journées d’Études sur la Parole, Jun 2022, Noirmoutier, France. pp.405-413, ⟨10.21437/JEP.2022-43⟩
- annee_publi
- 2022
- resume
- In this study, we took an interest in the influence of musical expertise and instrument specializationon the perception and categorization of whistled speech. We explored instrumental specificity byfocusing on four instruments: voice, violin, piano and flute. Though our results verify the presence ofa musical advantage compared to non-musicians, it is clear that the instrument played as well as thelevel achieved have an effect on whistled speech perception. These results suggest that the effectsobserved during the consonant categorization task can be attributed to a modification in signalprocessing due to specific acoustic familiarization in high-level musicians rather than enhancedgeneral cognitive functions (executive functions, memory or attention).
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- titre
- Bénéfices de la pratique musicale sur la catégorisation de la parole sifflée : analyse des processus de transferts
- auteur
- Anais Tran Ngoc, Julien Meyer, Fanny Meunier
- article
- JEP 2022 - 34e Journées d’Études sur la Parole, Jun 2022, Noirmoutier, France. pp.405-413, ⟨10.21437/jep.2022-43⟩
- annee_publi
- 2022
- resume
- Dans cette étude nous avons cherché à comprendre l'effet de la pratique instrumentale sur la perception et la catégorisation de la parole sifflée. Nous nous sommes intéressés à la spécificité instrumentale avec une focalisation sur 4 instruments : la voix, le violon, le piano et la flûte. Bien que le bénéfice de la pratique musicale sur la perception de la parole modifiée soit vérifié dans nos résultats, il apparait clairement que l'instrument pratiqué ainsi que le niveau de pratique ont un effet sur la perception de la parole sifflée. Ces résultats suggèrent que, lors de ce processus de catégorisation, les effets observés s'expliquent plus par un traitement modifié du signal sonore, grâce à une familiarisation acoustique spécifique chez les musiciens expérimentés, plutôt que par des fonctions générales (fonctions exécutives, mémoire ou attention) plus performantes.
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- titre
- Whistled Vowel Identification by French Listeners
- auteur
- Anaïs Tran Ngoc, Julien Meyer, Fanny Meunier
- article
- Interspeech 2020 - 21st Annual Conference of the International Speech Communication Association, Oct 2020, Shanghai (Virtual Conf), China. pp.1605-1609, ⟨10.21437/Interspeech.2020-2697⟩
- annee_publi
- 2020
- resume
- In this paper, we analyzed whistled vowel categorization by native French listeners. Whistled speech, a natural, yet modified register of speech, is used here as a tool to investigate perceptual processes in languages. We focused on four whistled vowels: /i, e, a, o/. After a detailed description of the vowels, we built and ran a behavioral experiment in which we asked native French speakers to categorize whistled vowel stimuli in which we introduced intra- and inter- production variations. In addition, half of the participants performed the experiment in person (at the laboratory) while the other half participated online, allowing us to evaluate the impact of the testing set up. Our results confirm that the categorization rate of whistled vowels is above chance. They reveal significant differences in performance for different vowels and suggest an influence of certain acoustic parameters from the whistlers’ vowel range on categorization. Moreover, no effect or interaction was found for testing location and circumstances in our data set. This study confirms that whistled stimuli are a useful tool for studying how listeners process modified speech and which parameters impact sound categorization.
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- titre
- Categorization of Whistled Consonants by French Speakers
- auteur
- Anaïs Tran Ngoc, Julien Meyer, Fanny Meunier
- article
- Interspeech 2020 - 21st Annual Conference of the International Speech Communication Association, Oct 2020, Shanghai (Virtual Conf), China. pp.1600-1604, ⟨10.21437/Interspeech.2020-2683⟩
- annee_publi
- 2020
- resume
- Whistled speech is a form of modified speech where some frequencies of vowels and consonants are augmented and transposed to whistling, modifying the timbre and the construction of each phoneme. These transformations cause only some elements of the signal to be intelligible for naive listeners, which, according to previous studies, includes vowel recognition. Here, we analyze naive listeners’ capacities for whistled consonant categorization for four consonants: /p/, /k/, /t/ and /s/ by presenting the findings of two behavioral experiments. Though both experiments measure whistled consonant categorization, we used modified frequencies — lowered with a phase vocoder — of the whistled stimuli in the second experiment to better identify the relative nature of pitch cues employed in this process. Results show that participants obtained approximately 50% of correct responses (when chance is at 25%). These findings show specific consonant preferences for “s” and “t” over “k” and “p”, specifically when stimuli is unmodified. Previous research on whistled consonants systems has often opposed “s” and “t” to “k” and “p”, due to their strong pitch modulations. The preference for these two consonants underlines the importance of these cues in phoneme processing.
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-
- titre
- Categorization of Whistled Consonants by French Speakers
- auteur
- Anaïs Tran Ngoc, Julien Meyer, Fanny Meunier
- article
- Interspeech 2020, Oct 2020, Shanghai, France. pp.1600-1604, ⟨10.21437/Interspeech.2020-2683⟩
- annee_publi
- 2020
- resume
- Whistled speech is a form ofmodified speechwheresomefrequencies ofvowelsand consonants areaugmentedandtransposed to whistling,modifying thetimbre andtheconstruction of eachphoneme.Thesetransformationscauseonly some elementsofthe signalto beintelligiblefornaivelisteners,which, according to previous studies, includesvowelrecognition.Here, we analyzenaivelisteners’ capacitiesforwhistled consonant categorization for four consonants: /p/, /k/,/t/ and /s/bypresentingthefindings oftwobehavioralexperiments. Though both experiments measurewhistledconsonant categorization,we used modifiedfrequencies-lowered with a phase vocoder-of the whistled stimuli in thesecond experimentto better identify therelative nature of pitchcues employed in this process.Results show thatparticipantsobtainedapproximately50% of correct responses(when chanceis at 25%).These findingsshowspecificconsonant preferencesfor “s” and “t”over“k” and “p”,specifically whenstimuli isunmodified.Previous research on whistled consonantssystemshas often opposed “s” and “t” to “k” and “p”,due to theirstrongpitch modulations. The preference for these two consonantsunderlines theimportanceof these cues in phonemeprocessing.
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